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This paper examines the reflection of queer sexuality in Russian literature and attempts to distinguish between Soviet and post-Soviet recurring narratives and trends. Its purpose is to give an overview of queer sexuality during Soviet and post-Soviet Russia. This paper reflects how this phenomenon was stifled during the Soviet era from the history of literature and again reappeared in post-Soviet Russia. It also explores the writers with their works who worked on this theme in the Soviet era and post-Soviet Russia. In addition, there are previously some notable works on this subject, for instance: "Out of the Blue: Russia's Hidden Gay Literature: An Anthology (1997) ed. by Kevin Moss, Introduction by Simon Karlinsky"; and "Russian Gay and Lesbian Literature by Brian James Baer, which was published in The Cambridge History of Gay and Lesbian Literature" (2014).
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Since the outbreak of COVID-19， the governments of China and Russia have strengthened their responsibilities and actively implemented border control measures. Simultaneously， good results have been achieved in the prevention and control of the pandemic in both countries. After we entered the phase of regular pandemic prevention and control， exported cases are still an important factor that should not be neglected. We need to build a mechanism to strengthen the cooperation between China and Russia in pandemic prevention and control. The article proposes building effective systems for pandemic surveillance and early warning， medical resources sharing， health department meetings， information sharing， joint prevention， academic exchanges， and personnel training.
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Abstract This study aims to measure the time allocated to child raising using parents' self-assessment and the criterion of subjective time sufficiency or insufficiency. We surveyed 545 Russian parents from the Ural region and used factor analysis to identify the main determinants that affect the self-assessment of time allocated to parenting. We found that parents in the Russian Ural region believe they do not spend enough time with their children. Reasons for the insufficient amount of time allocated to parenting are the following: overload of labor duties at home and at work, psychological causes of intergenerational interaction, external reasons − studies, poor health, the need to care for other relatives and so on.
Resumo Este estudo tenta medir o tempo alocado aos filhos por meio da autoavaliação dos pais e do critério de suficiência subjetiva ou tempo insuficiente. Foram pesquisados 545 pais russos da região dos Urais e utilizou-se a análise fatorial para identificar os principais determinantes que afetam a autoavaliação do tempo alocado pelos pais. Verificou-se que os pais nas regiões russas dos Urais têm uma opinião comum de que não passam tempo suficiente com seus filhos. As razões para o tempo insuficiente alocado à educação dos filhos são as seguintes: sobrecarga de tarefas em casa e no trabalho; causas psicológicas de interação intergeracional; e razões externas, como estudo, saúde precária e necessidade de cuidar de outros parentes.
Resumen Este estudio intenta medir el tiempo asignado a los niños por medio de la autoevaluación de los padres y del criterio de suficiencia subjetiva o de insuficiencia de tiempo. Se encuestaron 545 padres rusos de la región de los Urales y se usó el análisis factorial para identificar los principales determinantes que afectan la autoevaluación del tiempo asignado a la crianza de los hijos. Descubrimos que en las regiones rusas los padres tienen la opinión común de que no pasan suficiente tiempo con sus hijos. Las razones para la cantidad insuficiente de tiempo asignado a la crianza de los hijos son la sobrecarga de deberes laborales en el hogar y en el trabajo, causas psicológicas de la interacción intergeneracional, o razones externas como estudio, mala salud o necesidad de cuidar a otros familiares.
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Humans , Family , Child Rearing , Workload , Russia , Parent-Child Relations , Personnel Staffing and Scheduling , Education , External CausesABSTRACT
For adapting to the change of modern medical model and suiting social demand of high quality dentists, this paper compares the differences of undergraduate education in stomatology between China and Russia by using the method of Bereday comparative education, trying to provide some reference for the reform of Chinese stomatology education. Curriculum arrangement in China is being constantly explored based on the Russian model. In China, courses are divided into basic medicine, clinical medicine and stomatology in three stages, making students relatively passive in learning. And the ratio of practice to lecture is far more higher in Russia than that in China. Thus, it's necessary to optimize structure and balance the distribution of stomatological curriculum in China, improve and popularize learning models such as problem -based learning (PBL) and so on, so as to promote the development of stomatology education of China to a higher level.
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【Objective】 To explore the basic situation and advantages of blood banks in Russia through analyzing the differences and similarities of basic standards for blood banks(referred to as standards) between China and Russia. 【Methods】 The main differences and similarities were analyzed by comparing the classification of blood banks and the requirements for staff and equipments. 【Results】 The macro contents such as the main functions and responsibilities of blood banks, the basic requirements for staff and equipments were both described in the standards in China and Russia, but such details as classification criteria of blood banks, the allocation criteria of staff and equipments were not the same. 【Conclusion】 The macro contents of the standards in China and Russia were basically the same, but some of the details of Russia standards were more clear and scientific than those of Chinese standards, and some contents were worth learning.
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Abstract This review presents the 100-year history of the Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology and Tropical Medicine in Moscow, Russia, starting with its foundation and early activities, and also describes the impact of its leading scientists, some of whom became internationally known. The institute headed a network of nine tropical institutes in the various Soviet republics from the 1920s to 1990. The extensive body of literature on the history and research accomplishments of this institute has mainly been published in Russian; our goal here is to introduce these achievements and this expertise to the international scientific and medical community, focusing on malaria and leishmaniasis and the development of measures to control and monitor these diseases in the USSR.
Resumo O artigo analisa a história centenária do Instituto Martsinovsky de Parasitologia Médica e Medicina Tropical em Moscou, Rússia, desde sua fundação e primeiras atividades, e descreve a influência de seus principais cientistas, alguns dos quais viriam a conquistar renome internacional. O instituto liderou uma rede de nove institutos tropicais em diversas repúblicas soviéticas entre as décadas de 1920 e 1990. A vasta literatura sobre o trabalho de história e pesquisa desse instituto foi publicada sobretudo em russo; nosso objetivo aqui é apresentar esse trabalho e conhecimento à comunidade médica e científica internacional, concentrando-se na malária e na leishmaniose e no avanço de medidas de controle e monitoramento dessas doenças na URSS.
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Humans , History, 20th Century , Tropical Medicine/history , Leishmaniasis/history , Biomedical Research/history , Academies and Institutes/history , Malaria/history , Parasitology/education , Parasitology/history , USSR , MoscowABSTRACT
According to the relevant data of Russia, this paper summarized and analyzed the compatibility and application methods of Inonotusobliguus in the rehabilitation process of treating hepatobiliary disorders. In the rehabilitation process of a variety of hepatobiliary disorders, Inonotusobliguus can be used with Berberis vulgaris L., Achillea millefolium L., Hypericum perforatum L., Acorus calamus L., Calendula officinalis L., Cichoriumintybus L., Urticadioica L., Artemisia draculoides, Tanacetum vulgare L., Taraxacum officinale Wigg., Agropyronrepens (L.) Pal.Beauv, Rosa canina L., Carumcarvi L. and Majorana hortensis Moench. and other compatible applications. They have certain effect on jaundice, hepatitis, chronic cholecystitis, and gallbladder pain.
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This paper introduces the application of Inonotus obliquus in the rehabilitation treatment of gastrointestinal diseases in Russia. It is found that Inonotus obliquus is widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Inonotus obliquus can be compatible with Mentha nigrum, green walnut peel, Hypericum perforatum, chamomile, red Sorbus, Daisy, yarrow, Schisandra, Tilia, chamomile, fennel seed, marigold, plantain juice, dried potted leaves, burdock root, etc., and it has a good effect on diarrhea, constipation, gastric and duodenal ulcer, low acid gastritis, acute gastritis, dodecadactyly Enteritis and so on have certain curative effect.
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Inonotus obliquus is a commonly used edible fungus in Russia. For centuries, it has been used to treat digestive tract diseases and tumors in the northern Russian countryside. Based on the relevant researches of the Soviet Union and Russia, this paper summarizes and analyzes the compatibility application of inonotus obliquus in the rehabilitation of gastrointestinal diseases. In the rehabilitation treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases, inonotus obliquus can be used alone or in combination with other drugs. In China, the difference in the source and the dosages should be paid the attention before the application..
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Inonotus obliquus is a commonly used medicinal and edible fungus in Russian folk. It is often used in the rehabilitation treatment of cancer patients. Based on the relevant research data of the Soviet Union and Russia, this paper summarizes and analyses the compatibility application methods of Inonotus obliquus in cancer rehabilitation treatment. It is believed that Inonotus obliquus can be used alone as tea or in the combination with other drugs. The prescription is simple, practical, safe and easy for patients, but it should be tested in our country. Considering the different constitution of patients and the source of medicinal materials, the attention should be paid to adjust the dosage.
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Inonotus obliquus is a commonly used edible fungus in Russia. For centuries, it has been used to treat digestive tract diseases and tumors in the northern Russian countryside. Based on the relevant researches of the Soviet Union and Russia, this paper summarizes and analyzes the compatibility application of inonotus obliquus in the rehabilitation of gastrointestinal diseases. In the rehabilitation treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases, inonotus obliquus can be used alone or in combination with other drugs. In China, the difference in the source and the dosages should be paid the attention before the application..
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Inonotus obliquus is a commonly used medicinal and edible fungus in Russian folk. It is often used in the rehabilitation treatment of cancer patients. Based on the relevant research data of the Soviet Union and Russia, this paper summarizes and analyses the compatibility application methods of Inonotus obliquus in cancer rehabilitation treatment. It is believed that Inonotus obliquus can be used alone as tea or in the combination with other drugs. The prescription is simple, practical, safe and easy for patients, but it should be tested in our country. Considering the different constitution of patients and the source of medicinal materials, the attention should be paid to adjust the dosage.
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This paper summarized the anti-tumor experimental researches of inonotus obliquus in Russia and former Soviet Union.Since the 1950s,a series of experimental studies of Inonotus obliquus have been carried out in Russia and the Soviet Union based on prior clinical studies to further explore its anti-tumor effects and mechanisms.The effects of Inonotus obliquus were inhibiting the growth and metastasis of tumors,and its specific mechanisms might be involving regulation of cancer cell dynamic phenotypes.
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By comparing the similarities and differences in the higher education system and degree levels of stomatology,especially in the undergraduate-level courses,between I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University and Harbin Medical University,we found that:the class hours for undergraduates majoring in stomatology in Russia are three times as many as those in China,and the former's class hours for PBL accounts for 80％ of its total class hours,which can greatly develop the medical students' competence of life-long learning and innovation.Russia focuses more on the early exposure to oral medical and clinical education.Moreover,they make stomatology penetrate the whole education process.The system of combing postgraduate medical education with residency training in Russia has been developed early and relatively mature,which can provide example for Chinese standardized training of oral residents.The study for the current education system of stomatology in Russia is of great significance in strengthening the cooperation between China and Russia on stomatology education and promoting the reform of Chinese stomatology education.
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Worldwide, avian influenza H9N2 viruses of different lineages are the most widespread viruses in poultry. However, to date, cases in Russia have not been documented. In this study, we report the first detection of a G1-like H9N2 virus from poultry sampled at live-bird markets in Russia (Far East region) during the winter of 2018 (isolate A/chicken/Amur_Russia/17/2018). We assume there has been further circulation of the A/chicken/Amur_Russia/17/2018 H9N2 virus in the Russian Far East with possible distribution to other regions or countries in 2018–2019.
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Animals , Asia, Eastern , Genotype , Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype , Influenza in Birds , Poultry , RussiaABSTRACT
In this paper, we reviewed the findings from previous studies on the anti-tumor efficacy of inonotus obliquus, one of the most famous edible and medical fungi, in Russia and the former Soviet Union since the 1950s. To be specific, the findings from clinical researches regarding the medicinal benefits of inonotus obliquus for treating gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, breast cancer, and leukemia have been summarized, indicating inonotus obliquus may relieve symptoms, improve immune and neural function, improve life quality, and may prolong survival in the cancer patients.
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This paper reviewed characteristics of inonotus obliquus, and progress in medical research regarding inonotus obliquus in Russia. To be specific, we summarized morphological characteristics, distribution, growing conditions, history of application, active ingredients, and mechanism of actions of inonotus obliquus in this review, and illustrated specific notes for its potential medicinal value and health benefits. Our manuscript has provided new insight for further research and application of inonotus obliquus in China.
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As the proceeding of the Belt and Road, TCM industry in Russia develops steadily. Acupuncture and Tuina therapies have been accepted by the local people, while Chinese medicine is still around the acceptance. Right now, Russian economy is on a recovering stage, so it's good time for TCM to carry service trading during this time. TCM development in Russia need to focus on the input of medical resources, managements and regulations, proceeding TCM teaching work and bringing along TCM service trade by acupuncture therapy.
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The paper introduces background of reading culture in Russia and its way of promotion,expatiates on the enlightenment of reading promotion in Russia to China,and puts forward related suggestions,including establishing specialized reading promotion agencies and system,holding large-scale reading promotion activities or producing TV programs that promote reading within families and schools.
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RESUMEN Este artículo presenta los resultados de un análisis empírico llevado a cabo entre 2012 y 2016, que buscó entender si las narrativas de los pacientes están presentes en la comunicación médico-paciente y si esta historia subjetiva es significativa para ambos lados de la comunicación médica en la medicina somática rusa. La investigación se realizó en cuatro etapas y combinó métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos, analizando las perspectivas de pacientes, médicos y estudiantes de medicina a través de encuestas y entrevistas e indagando además en la comunicación médico-paciente en foros virtuales. En las cuatro etapas, los resultados de la investigación mostraron que se otorga poco valor a la experiencia subjetiva de la enfermedad en las interacciones entre médicos y pacientes. El tema de la medicina narrativa es inexplorado en los estudios sociales rusos, por lo que los resultados de esta investigación constituyen una contribución importante en pos de establecer la medicina narrativa como una idea global que promueve el valor universal en términos terapéuticos y éticos de las historias de enfermedad en la "sociedad de remisión", en el cual dominan las patologías crónicas.
ABSTRACT This article contains the results of the empirical analysis carried out in 2012-2016 which sought to examine whether patients' narratives of their illness were present in doctor-patient communication and whether this subjective story was significant to both sides of the medical communication in Russian somatic disease medicine. The research was carried out in four stages and combined qualitative and quantitative methods, analyzing the perspectives of patients, doctors and medical students through surveys and interviews as well as looking at online doctor-patient communication in health forums. In all four stages, the results of the research showed that little value was placed on the subjective experience of disease in doctor-patient interactions. The topic of narrative medicine is new to Russian social studies, making the results of this research an important contribution to the establishment of narrative medicine as a global idea advocating the universal therapeutic and ethical value of patients' stories of illness in the "remission society," in which chronic pathologies dominate.